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Title:
Principles of Asymmetric Synthesis (Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry Series, Volume 14 ) |
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Division: General Organic Chem / Elsevier / 英文版 |
Author/Editor: R.E. Gawley (Author), J. Aubé (Author) Star:  |
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ISBN: 0080418759 |
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Introduce Date: 2008年03月05日11:26 , Release Date: 2008年03月05日12:51 |
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Introducer: weir , Rate: 8/250 |
| Format: pdf(editorial) Download |
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| Description: |
By
R.E. Gawley, University of Miami, Miami, USA
J. Aubé, University of Kansas, Kansas, USA
Included in series
Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry Series,
Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry Series, 14
Description
The world is chiral. Most of the molecules in it are chiral, and asymmetric synthesis is an important means by which enantiopure chiral molecules may be obtained for study and sale. Using examples from the literature of asymmetric synthesis (more than 1300 references), the aim of this book is to present a detailed analysis of the factors that govern stereoselectivity in organic reactions. It is important to note that the references were each individually checked by the authors to verify relevance to the topics under discussion.
The study of stereoselectivity has evolved from issues of diastereoselectivity, through auxiliary-based methods for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds (diastereoselectivity followed by separation and auxiliary cleavage), to asymmetric catalysis. In the latter instance, enantiomers (not diastereomers) are the products, and highly selective reactions and modern purification techniques allow preparation - in a single step - of chiral substances in 99% ee for many reaction types.
After an explanation of the basic physical-organic principles of stereoselectivity, the authors provide a detailed, annotated glossary of stereochemical terms. A chapter on "Analytical Methods" provides a critical overview of the most common methods for analysis of stereoisomers.
The authors then follow the 'tried-and-true' format of grouping the material by reaction type. Thus, there are four chapters on carbon-carbon bond forming reactions (enolate alkylations, organometal additions to carbonyls, aldol and Michael reactions, and cycloadditions and rearrangements), one chapter on reductions and hydroborations (carbon-hydrogen bond forming reactions), and one on oxidations (carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen bond forming reactions). Leading references are provided to natural product synthesis that have been accomplished using a given reaction as a key step.
In addition to tables of examples that show high selectivity, a transition state analysis is presented to explain - to the current level of understanding - the stereoselectivity of each reaction. In one case (Cram's rule) the evolution of the current theory is detailed from its first tentative (1952) postulate to the current Felkin-Anh-Heathcock formalism. For other reactions, only the currently accepted rationale is presented. Examination of these rationales also exposes the weaknesses of current theories, in that they cannot always explain the experimental observations. These shortcomings provide a challenge for future mechanistic investigations.
An updated list of references for this book can also be viewed.
Audience
This book is intended for advanced undergraduate or graduate students needing a guide to the principles of asymmetric synthesis and stereoselective reactions, and for practicing chemists seeking a similar guide or who want leading references to the primary literature. The book could be used for a course in organic mechanisms, stereochemistry, reactions, or synthesis. It will also be a valuable reference source for the expert.
Contents
Introduction.
Why we do asymmetric synthesis. What is an asymmetric synthesis? Stereoselectivity: intraligand vs. interligand asymmetric induction. Selectivity: kinetic and thermodynamic control. Single and double asymmetric induction. Glossary of stereochemical terms. References.
Analytical Methods.
The importance of analysis, and which method to choose. Polarimetry, the old fashioned way. Nuclear magnetic resonance. Chromatography. Summary. References.
Enolate, Azaenolate, and Organolithium Alkylations.
Enolates and azaenolates. Chiral organolithiums. References.
1,2 and 1,4 Additions to Carbonyls.
Cram's rule: open-chain model. Cram's rule: rigid, chelate, or cyclic model. Additions using chiral catalysts or chiral nucleophiles. Conjugate additions. References.
Aldol and Michael Additions of Allyls and Enolates.
1,2-Additions of allyl metals and metalloids. Aldol additions. Michael additions. References.
Rearrangements and Cycloadditions.
Rearrangements. Cycloadditions. References.
Reductions and Hydroborations.
Reduction of carbon-heteroatom double bonds. Reduction of carbon-carbon bonds. Hydroborations. References.
Oxidations.
Introduction and scope. Epoxidation and related reactions. Dihydroxylations. Oxidation of enolates and enol ethers. Miscellaneous oxidations. References. Index.
Bibliographic & ordering Information
Paperback, publication date: NOV-1996
ISBN-13: 978-0-08-041875-9
ISBN-10: 0-08-041875-9
Imprint: PERGAMON
Price: Order form
EUR 44.95
USD 50.95
GBP 29.95
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Last update: 28 Feb 2008
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